Hi Horst,
Today sugercane ethanol is the best alternative. See this rapport from the Utrecht University in Holland about the Sustainability of Brazilian bio-ethanol
http://www.bioenergytrade.org/downloads ... thanol.pdf
This is also one of the conclusions of the report you found which unfortunately does not take into account that the sugercane also produces green electricity which can replace coal based electricity centrals. In Sweden 90% of the ethanol is Brasilian sugercane ethanol as well as 10% wood based ethanol (rests from a paper factory). In the low blendning of 5% in the gasoline 55% is from sugercane and the rest is swedish ethanol from Wheat from agroethanol and "european ethanol". The european ethanol can be for example from wine rests.
The study does not calculate with the co-products of the biofuel/ethanol production at all:
Citat:
It does not take into account the supply of fossil fuel for farm machiner y or fertilizer production; on the other hand it also neglects the production of useful co-products, which par tially compensate for each other (see for instance Hill et al., 2006, for corn ethanol).
For exampel the swedish Agroethanol factory uses 2nd class wheat which is only suitible for animal consumtion and now makes bio-ethanol as well as animal food "cakes" replacing imported tropical soya beans and also can make biogas från distiller rests. The plant does not (like in the us) use fossil fuel for the still but uses rest heat of the electricity plant nearby. So if you do combine thing cleverly you can really get much better results as this study. The worst bioetanol is the american mais ethanol, but I think things are improving even there and they are on there way with "2nd gen" cellulosa ethanol as well.
I have read before discussions that the additional N2O emmissons from biofuel production are not as high as assumed in this study.
One also has to take into account that the first generation bioethanol helps us built the infrastructure (distribution and vehicles) so that we can easily inmplement the second generation of cellulosa ethanol made for example from crop rests. SEKAB is starting sugaercane plants in Africa which they want to make "mdel plants" and use their cellulosa technique on as well. With conventiol techniques one could get as much as 6000 l/ha as wel as 8000 kwH electricity but with cellulose ethanol one could get at least another 3000l/ha from sugercane.
Greetings Aryan
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